Models › gpt-neox family

EleutherAI Apache 2.0 out 5 years ago

20.7B parameters, text in, text out, 2K tokens of context.

Verified 2026-10-25 Rank #291 in LLMs · score 84.2 method v1 Sources 3 Downloads 30d 249.2k · #234 of 619 tracked

Can I use it?Apache 2.0Permissive; patent grantlicence file2026-10-24
Do people use it?249.2kdownloads, 30 days#234 of 619 we track · top 38%+0 likes, downloads −3% this week587 likesHugging Face2026-10-24

Worth reading

Picked by rule from 19 tracked pieces: the lab's own post, the most shared, a field report, the latest.

The lab's own post

Announcing GPT-NeoX-20B

GPT-NeoX-20B, a 20 billion parameter model trained using the GPT-NeoX framework on CoreWeave GPUs, becomes available for download on February 9, 2022.

blog.eleuther.ai 2022-02-02 200 HN pts · 70 comments 555 words
Latest · 3 years ago

Show HN: LLM, a Rust Crate/CLI for CPU Inference of LLMs (LLaMA, GPT-NeoX, etc.)

The rustformers/llm repository is archived due to a lack of time and resources for continued development.

  • The gguf branch supports GGUF inference but requires a Hugging Face tokenizer and does not support quantization.
  • The develop branch is a from-scratch re-port of llama.cpp intended to synchronize with the latest version of GGML.
github.com 2023-05-09 45 HN pts · 4 comments 1.8k words about the gpt neox family family

19 best of 19 tracked

The 4 picks above, plus these 15. Top is the radar's score: discussion, source authority and the lab's own posts, fading with age.

  1. DiscussionI asked GPT-NeoX-20B a hundred arithmetic questionstwitter.com · 2022-02-11 · 175 HN pts
  2. Paper[2204.06745] GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Modelar5iv.labs.arxiv.org · undated
  3. PaperGPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Modelarxiv.org · 2022-04-27 · 4 HN pts
  4. CodeGPT-Neoxgithub.com · 2023-12-28 · 1 HN pts
  5. ArticleGPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Modelaclanthology.org · undated
  6. ArticleGPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Model — Compute-Structure AI Historyai-papers.xuzou.cn · undated
  7. ArticleGPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Models10251.pcdn.co · undated
  8. ArticleShow HN: GPT-NeoX Playgroundneox.labml.ai · 2022-05-22
  9. DiscussionShow HN: Use GPT-NeoX to generate quotesnews.ycombinator.com · 2022-08-14
  10. ArticleEleutherAI's GPT-NeoX Now Available on Forefronthelloforefront.com · 2022-02-08
  11. ArticleGPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Modelpapers.labml.ai · 2022-02-10
  12. ArticleMediumsh-tsang.medium.com · 2022-12-24
  13. ArticleGPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Model | arXiv Sciencearxiv.science · 2022-04-14
  14. ArticleMeet GPT-NeoX-20B, A 20-Billion Parameter Natural Language Processing AI Model Open-Sourced by EleutherAI - MarkTechPostmarktechpost.com · 2022-04-07
  15. ArticleGPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Modelexa.ai · 2022-01-01

Where it's used

Hugging Face does not say who downloads a model or with what. These are the proxies: API providers listing it, quantized builds, fine-tunes/adapters/merges, and Spaces that load it.

No API provider serves it, so its downloads are people running it themselves: 9 quantized builds and 100 Spaces.

  • As a service0no API provider listed
  • On own hardware9quantized builds
  • Built on359 fine-tunes · 25 adapters · 1 merges
  • In apps100+Hugging Face Spaces

Top Spaces running it: olivierdehaene/chat-llm-streaming ♥ 336 · h2oai/h2ogpt-chatbot ♥ 295 · h2oai/h2ogpt-chatbot2 ♥ 167 · tomg-group-umd/lm-watermarking ♥ 100

Will it fit?

Weights only, an estimate: leave room for the KV cache. Method

Fits a 16 GB card at INT4

About 12 GB at INT4, 25 GB at FP8, 50 GB at BF16: weights only, so leave room for the KV cache.

16 GB card64 GB Mac2×80 GB8×80 GBINT4: about 12 GB of weights (estimate; KV cache and activations extra)INT412 GBFP8: about 25 GB of weights (estimate; KV cache and activations extra)FP825 GBBF16: about 50 GB of weights (estimate; KV cache and activations extra)BF1650 GB
16 GB card64 GB Mac2×80 GB8×80 GBINT4: about 12 GB of weights (estimate; KV cache and activations extra)INT412 GBFP8: about 25 GB of weights (estimate; KV cache and activations extra)FP825 GBBF16: about 50 GB of weights (estimate; KV cache and activations extra)BF1650 GB

Estimate params × bytes per param × 1.2 · how we estimate

The story so far

Weights, every dated article, and repo commits on one rail.

6 dated articles and 9 repo commits so far

Teal is the weights (2022-04-07), amber triangles are 6 dated articles (each links to it), grey ticks are repo commits.

MarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOct2024-01-31: 1 repo commit2023-06-21: 1 repo commit2023-02-09: 1 repo commit2023-02-07: 2 repo commits2022-08-09: 1 repo commit2022-04-07: 3 repo commitsAnnouncing GPT-NeoX-20B · 2022-02-02Textsynth: Bellard's free GPT-NeoX-20B, GPT-J playground and paid API · 2022-04-27I asked GPT-NeoX-20B a hundred arithmetic questions · 2022-02-11Show HN: LLM, a Rust Crate/CLI for CPU Inference of LLMs (LLaMA, GPT-NeoX, etc.) · 2023-05-09GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Model · 2022-04-27GPT-Neox · 2023-12-28Weights 2022-04-07 · 2022-04-07Weights 2022-04-07now
MarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOct2024-01-31: 1 repo commit2023-06-21: 1 repo commit2023-02-09: 1 repo commit2023-02-07: 2 repo commits2022-08-09: 1 repo commit2022-04-07: 3 repo commitsAnnouncing GPT-NeoX-20B · 2022-02-02Textsynth: Bellard's free GPT-NeoX-20B, GPT-J playground and paid API · 2022-04-27I asked GPT-NeoX-20B a hundred arithmetic questions · 2022-02-11Show HN: LLM, a Rust Crate/CLI for CPU Inference of LLMs (LLaMA, GPT-NeoX, etc.) · 2023-05-09GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Model · 2022-04-27GPT-Neox · 2023-12-28Weights 2022-04-07 · 2022-04-07Weights 2022-04-07now

What people built on it

44 derivatives on the Hub. Which build to run, by runtime: the most downloaded in each class.

44 derivatives on the Hub, most of them adapters

From the Hugging Face model tree; quantized builds in teal, fine-tunes, merges and adapters in greys.

9 quantized (Hugging Face model tree)9 fine-tunes (Hugging Face model tree)1 merge (Hugging Face model tree)25 adapters (Hugging Face model tree)9 quantized9 fine-tunes1 merge25 adapters
9 quantized (Hugging Face model tree)9 fine-tunes (Hugging Face model tree)1 merge (Hugging Face model tree)25 adapters (Hugging Face model tree)9 quantized9 fine-tunes1 merge25 adapters

All variants →

Reference

Everything else, folded: the full tables, every source.

Benchmarks

13 rows

Benchmarks 13 rows

measured third-party leaderboard rowauthor-reported number from the model card or eval files (13)No confidence intervals unless the source gave them; settings differ between rows, so compare within a benchmark, not across. Date = the benchmark's own date when it gives one, else when we read it.
BenchmarkValueSetting / notesReported byDate
author-reported ARC (25-shot)45.73Open LLM Leaderboardmodel author2026-10-07
author-reported ARC Challenge · Chat and follow instructions0.380 ± 0.014Zero-shotmodel author2026-10-07
author-reported Avg.36.02Open LLM Leaderboardmodel author2026-10-07
author-reported Commonsense QA sets · Chat and follow instructions0.779 ± 0.010Zero-shotmodel author2026-10-07
author-reported Commonsense QA sets · Chat and follow instructions0.259 ± 0.004Zero-shotmodel author2026-10-07
author-reported DROP (3-shot)5.04Open LLM Leaderboardmodel author2026-10-07
author-reported GSM8K · Reason through hard problems2.43Open LLM Leaderboardmodel author2026-10-07
author-reported HellaSwag · Chat and follow instructions73.45Open LLM Leaderboardmodel author2026-10-07
author-reported MMLU · Reason through hard problems25Open LLM Leaderboardmodel author2026-10-07
author-reported OpenAI’s LAMBADA0.720 ± 0.006Zero-shotmodel author2026-10-07
author-reported SciQ0.928 ± 0.008Zero-shotmodel author2026-10-07
author-reported TruthfulQA · Chat and follow instructions31.61Open LLM Leaderboardmodel author2026-10-07
author-reported Winogrande · Chat and follow instructions68.9Open LLM Leaderboardmodel author2026-10-07

What the card says

3 cited sentences

Summary generated, cited

GPT-NeoX-20B is a 20.7B parameter autoregressive language model developed by EleutherAI for text generation.[1][2] The model uses a Transformer-based architecture and is released under the Apache 2.0 license.[3][4] It was trained on the Pile dataset using a sequence length of 2048.[5][6]

  1. parameters human
  2. “text-generation”
  3. “Transformer-based Language Model”
  4. license
  5. “trained on [the Pile]”
  6. “Sequence Length | 2048”

Generated 2026-10-07 15:05 UTC by parasail-gemma-4-26b-a4b-it; each numeral points at the fact it rests on. Not a verdict.

Use-case evidence

2 use cases

What it is good at 2 use cases

Labels are evidence, not verdicts: measured a third-party leaderboard row for this model; author-reported a number the model author published in the card or eval files; structural a deterministic signal from the name, config or chat template, or a decision-model estimate. Each chip links to its source. All use cases.

Facts

21 fields

Listed in LLMs

Facts

Pipeline tagtext-generation
Librarytransformers
ArchitecturesGPTNeoXForCausalLM
Model typegpt_neox
Dtypefloat16
Params by dtypeU8: 184,549,376 · F16: 20,554,568,208
Size bandL
MoEno
Context length2,048 (config.json max_position_embeddings)
Languagesen
PapersarXiv:2204.06745, arXiv:2101.00027, arXiv:2201.07311, arXiv:2104.09864
LicenseApache 2.0 (apache-2.0)
Hub snapshot2026-10-25

Servability

vLLM · SGLang

Servability

vLLM: supported · GPTNeoXForCausalLM · 7050ef881ff0835f6890a47db1859a24c65481d6SGLang: not in registry · 773cb938fe9484a8f7e7e46fb1b1fe96412c59ed

vLLM registry (7050ef881ff0835f6890a47db1859a24c65481d6) · SGLang registry (773cb938fe9484a8f7e7e46fb1b1fe96412c59ed) · Matched by architecture class name against each project's registry on main; 'supported' means the architecture is registered, not that this checkpoint was tested.

Hardware fit

3 estimates

Hardware fit ESTIMATE

Weights-only memory for gpt-neox-20b: params × bytes/param × 1.2 overhead. KV cache and activations are extra. How this is computed.

BF16 (2 bytes/param)50 GB · Single high-end GPU (<80 GB)
FP8 (1 byte/param)25 GB · Single high-end GPU (<80 GB)
INT4 (0.5 bytes/param)12 GB · Single GPU (<24 GB)

Weights only (params × bytes/param × 1.2 overhead); KV cache and activations extra.

All variants

40 variants

Lineage

Original model Family: EleutherAI/gpt-neox 44 derivatives on the Hub

quantized: 9finetune: 9adapter: 25merge: 1

Top variants (40 shown, ranked by downloads)

Relation
Quant
Size
40 rows
Variant Relation Quant Params Band License Author Likes Downloads
mradermacher/gpt-neox-20b-i1-GGUF quantized GGUF — — apache-2.0 mradermacher 0 29.9k
mradermacher/gpt-neox-20b-GGUF quantized GGUF — — apache-2.0 mradermacher 1 12.1k
zhentaoyu/gpt-neox-20b-Q4_0-GGUF quantized Q4_0 — — apache-2.0 zhentaoyu 0 9.7k
tensorblock/gpt-neox-20b-GGUF quantized GGUF — — apache-2.0 tensorblock 1 5.6k
OpenVINO/gpt-neox-20b-int8-ov quantized int8 — — apache-2.0 OpenVINO 1 431
nhe-ai/gpt-neox-20b-mlx-4Bit quantized mlx 20.6B L apache-2.0 nhe-ai 0 416
OpenVINO/gpt-neox-20b-fp16-ov finetune -fp16 — — apache-2.0 OpenVINO 0 339
hipnologo/GPT-Neox-20b-QLoRA-FineTune-english_quotes_dataset adapter — — — apache-2.0 hipnologo 0 268
Mahler60/Prueba finetune — — — — Mahler60 0 246
KalaiarasiS14/gpt-neox-20b-Q4_K_M-GGUF quantized GGUF — — apache-2.0 KalaiarasiS14 0 228
KalaiarasiS14/gpt-neox-20b-Q4_0-GGUF quantized Q4_0 — — apache-2.0 KalaiarasiS14 0 154
aidiary/gpt-neox-20b-finetuned-english-quotes adapter — — — apache-2.0 aidiary 0 136
Ogrex/Test-gpt-neox-20b adapter — — — — Ogrex 0 114
shuvom/gpt-neox-20B-FT_RD-service adapter — — — mit shuvom 0 97
Mohammed-Altaf/instruct-finetuned-medical-20b-adapters adapter — — — mit Mohammed-Altaf 0 97
CarlBrendt/gpt-neox-20b adapter — — — — CarlBrendt 0 90
1bit-MONSTER/gpt-neox-20b-GGUF quantized GGUF — — apache-2.0 1bit-MONSTER 0 71
motazel/llama-2-7b-chat-guanaco-motaz adapter — — — — motazel 0 69
nurke/PEFT-v1-alpaca adapter — — — apache-2.0 nurke 0 67
takumi123xxx/gpt-neox-20b-japanese-book-qlora adapter — — — — takumi123xxx 0 49
IAyamina/gptneo20b_on_instruction_poems adapter — — — — IAyamina 0 43
tank028/gpt-neox-20b-finet adapter — — — apache-2.0 tank028 0 42
MinMaxolotl/outputs adapter — — — apache-2.0 MinMaxolotl 0 39
CarlBrendt/gpt-neox-20b_new adapter — — — — CarlBrendt 0 37
kzsnlsa/medbot-model adapter — — — — kzsnlsa 0 36
Electricarchmage/ApocryphaGenerator adapter — — — mit Electricarchmage 0 35
nadadb/medbot adapter — — — — nadadb 0 35
Abdelateef/medbot-lora adapter — — — — Abdelateef 0 35
asoria/EleutherAI-gpt-neox-20b-english_quotes adapter — — — apache-2.0 asoria 0 31
nqzfaizal77ai/ethereal-engine-x-reinit-618m-zero finetune — 618M S — nqzfaizal77ai 0 30
singhamal1710/cryptocompass adapter — — — — singhamal1710 0 26
MinusV25/einsteinecho adapter — — — — MinusV25 0 24
CarlBrendt/gpt-neox-20b-arif adapter — — — — CarlBrendt 0 20
FadilaOmar/Medbot-v2 adapter — — — — FadilaOmar 0 20
RudzC/medical_information adapter — — — apache-2.0 RudzC 0 16
Shyaboi/fine-tuned-adapters adapter — — — — Shyaboi 0 2
shivarama23/outputs finetune — — — apache-2.0 shivarama23 0 0
solanotodeschini/outputs finetune — — — apache-2.0 solanotodeschini 0 0
paragon-analytics/outputs finetune — — — apache-2.0 paragon-analytics 0 0
vineetsharma/qlora-gpt-neox-20b-english_quotes finetune — — — apache-2.0 vineetsharma 0 0

Repository changelog

9 commits

Repository changelog 9 commits

DateCommitSHA
2024-01-31 Adding Evaluation Results (#25) c292233
2023-06-21 Update README.md 9369f14
2023-02-09 Create README.md (#14) 4e49ead
2023-02-07 Set dropout in config.json to be 0 ? (#7) 53bcd7e
2023-02-07 Adding `safetensors` variant of this model (#13) 007b5cb
2022-08-09 Fix eos_token_id (#3) 3523781
2022-04-07 tokenizer 364ae95
2022-04-07 20B first commit 5fe656a
2022-04-07 initial commit 2836058

Articles and coverage

19 pieces

Ranked by source signals (HN, Lobsters, authority domains, official posts) and recency. Summaries are generated from a stored copy of the article text; every sentence cites a span of that text, and nothing is shown that failed the citation check.

Official1

blog.eleuther.ai2022-02-02officialHN front pageHN 200 pts · 70 comments555 words
GPT-NeoX-20B, a 20 billion parameter model trained using the GPT-NeoX framework on CoreWeave GPUs, becomes available for download on February 9, 2022. The full model weights are downloadable for free under a permissive Apache 2.0 license from The Eye after a seven-day delay from the public release date. This release marks the largest publicly accessible pretrained general-purpose autoregressive language model to date, though EleutherAI notes it remains a research artifact not recommended for production deployment without careful consideration.written, reviewed, cited

Analysis8

textsynth.com2022-04-27HN front pageHN 263 pts · 134 comments51 words
ar5iv.labs.arxiv.orgauthority21,221 words
GPT-NeoX-20B is a 20 billion parameter autoregressive language model trained on the Pile with weights made freely available. The model has 44 layers, a hidden dimension size of 6144, and 64 heads.generated, cited
github.com2023-05-09authorityabout the gpt neox familyHN 45 pts · 4 comments1,761 words
The rustformers/llm repository is archived due to a lack of time and resources for continued development. High-quality alternatives include Ratchet, Candle-based libraries like mistral.rs, and llama.cpp wrappers such as drama_llama. The original crate supported GGMLv3 models and required Rust v1.65.0, but the main branch lacks GGUF support while the gguf branch only handles Llama models.written, reviewed, cited
  • The gguf branch supports GGUF inference but requires a Hugging Face tokenizer and does not support quantization.
  • The develop branch is a from-scratch re-port of llama.cpp intended to synchronize with the latest version of GGML.
  • Hardware acceleration for CUDA and Metal will not function unless the build explicitly includes the relevant feature flag.
arxiv.org2022-04-27authorityHN 4 pts · 0 comments301 words
github.com2023-12-28authorityabout the gpt neox familyHN 1 pts · 0 comments4,753 words
aclanthology.org
ai-papers.xuzou.cn1,155 words
modelbeats.com201 words

Community1

twitter.com2022-02-11HN front pageHN 175 pts · 216 comments
All coverage tracked for this model (19) — append-only, nothing is ever removed
TitleSourcePublishedFirst seenSignals
[2204.06745] GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Modelar5iv.labs.arxiv.org—2026-10-07exa
GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Modelaclanthology.org—2026-10-07exa
GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Model — Compute-Structure AI Historyai-papers.xuzou.cn—2026-10-07exa
GPT-NeoX-20B — benchmarks, pricing & hardware fit · Model Beatsmodelbeats.com—2026-10-07exa
GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Models10251.pcdn.co—2026-10-07exa
GPT-Neoxgithub.com2023-12-282026-10-07hn
Show HN: LLM, a Rust Crate/CLI for CPU Inference of LLMs (LLaMA, GPT-NeoX, etc.)github.com2023-05-092026-10-07hn
Mediumsh-tsang.medium.com2022-12-242026-10-07exa
Show HN: Use GPT-NeoX to generate quotesnews.ycombinator.com2022-08-142026-10-07hn
Show HN: GPT-NeoX Playgroundneox.labml.ai2022-05-222026-10-07hn
GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Modelarxiv.org2022-04-272026-10-07hn
Textsynth: Bellard's free GPT-NeoX-20B, GPT-J playground and paid APItextsynth.com2022-04-272026-10-07hn
GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Model | arXiv Sciencearxiv.science2022-04-142026-10-07exa
Meet GPT-NeoX-20B, A 20-Billion Parameter Natural Language Processing AI Model Open-Sourced by EleutherAI - MarkTechPostmarktechpost.com2022-04-072026-10-07exa
I asked GPT-NeoX-20B a hundred arithmetic questionstwitter.com2022-02-112026-10-07hn
GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Modelpapers.labml.ai2022-02-102026-10-07hn
EleutherAI's GPT-NeoX Now Available on Forefronthelloforefront.com2022-02-082026-10-07hn
Announcing GPT-NeoX-20Bblog.eleuther.ai official2022-02-022026-10-07hn
GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Modelexa.ai2022-01-012026-10-07exa

Papers

4 papers

Papers 4

arXiv links found in the model card and its tags. "Peer-reviewed" is shown only with evidence: a published venue in OpenAlex (measured) or the authors' own journal reference on arXiv (reported).

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Sources

3 sources

Sources

Hub snapshot: 2026-10-25 · HF API: 2026-10-24 21:37 UTC · Providers: 2026-10-24 21:44 UTC · Articles: 2026-10-24 21:45 UTC · Summary: 2026-10-07 15:05 UTC · Last verified 2026-10-25

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